講解液(ye)壓成型機由哪(na)些構成

        液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)成型(xing)(xing)機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)系(xi)(xi)統主要有(you)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)直(zhi)接(jie)驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)和(he)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)-蓄能(neng)器驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)兩種(zhong)(zhong)型(xing)(xing)式。泵(beng)(beng)(beng)直(zhi)接(jie)驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong) 　這(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)驅(qu)(qu)系(xi)(xi)統的(de)(de)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)向液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)缸提供高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)工(gong)作液(ye)體，配流(liu)閥用來(lai)(lai)改變供液(ye)方向，溢(yi)流(liu)閥用來(lai)(lai)調節(jie)系(xi)(xi)統的(de)(de)限定壓(ya)(ya)(ya)強(qiang)，同時起安全溢(yi)流(liu)作用。這(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)系(xi)(xi)統環(huan)節(jie)少,結構簡(jian)單,壓(ya)(ya)(ya)強(qiang)能(neng)按所需的(de)(de)工(gong)作力自(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)增(zeng)減(jian)，減(jian)少了(le)電(dian)能(neng)消(xiao)耗，但(dan)須由液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)成型(xing)(xing)機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)最(zui)大(da)工(gong)作力和(he)最(zui)高工(gong)作速度來(lai)(lai)決定泵(beng)(beng)(beng)及(ji)其(qi)驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)容量(liang)。這(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)型(xing)(xing)式的(de)(de)驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)系(xi)(xi)統多用于中小型(xing)(xing)液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)成型(xing)(xing)機(ji)(ji)，也有(you)用泵(beng)(beng)(beng)直(zhi)接(jie)驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)大(da)型(xing)(xing)(如120000千(qian)牛)自(zi)由鍛(duan)造水壓(ya)(ya)(ya)機(ji)(ji)。

       泵(beng)-蓄(xu)能(neng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)驅動(dong)(dong)(dong) 　在這(zhe)種(zhong)驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)中有一個(ge)或(huo)一組蓄(xu)能(neng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。當(dang)泵(beng)所(suo)供(gong)給(gei)的(de)(de)高(gao)壓(ya)工作(zuo)液(ye)有余量時，由(you)蓄(xu)能(neng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)儲(chu)存;而當(dang)供(gong)給(gei)量不足于需要時，便由(you)蓄(xu)能(neng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)補(bu)充供(gong)給(gei)。采用這(zhe)種(zhong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)可(ke)以按高(gao)壓(ya)工作(zuo)液(ye)的(de)(de)平(ping)均(jun)用量選(xuan)用泵(beng)和電動(dong)(dong)(dong)機的(de)(de)容量，但(dan)因為(wei)工作(zuo)液(ye)的(de)(de)壓(ya)強是恒定的(de)(de)，電能(neng)消(xiao)耗量較大，并且系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)環(huan)節(jie)多，結構比較復雜。這(zhe)種(zhong)驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)多用于大型(xing)液(ye)壓(ya)成型(xing)機，或(huo)者(zhe)用一套驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)數臺液(ye)壓(ya)成型(xing)機。

        按(an)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)力(li)的(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)向(xiang)區(qu)分，液壓(ya)(ya)(ya)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)機(ji)(ji)有立(li)式和(he)(he)臥式兩種。多(duo)數(shu)液壓(ya)(ya)(ya)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)機(ji)(ji)為(wei)立(li)式，擠壓(ya)(ya)(ya)用(yong)(yong)(yong)液壓(ya)(ya)(ya)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)機(ji)(ji)則多(duo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)臥式。按(an)結構型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)式分，液壓(ya)(ya)(ya)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)機(ji)(ji)有雙柱(zhu)、四柱(zhu)、八柱(zhu)、焊(han)接框(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)架(jia)和(he)(he)多(duo)層鋼(gang)帶纏繞框(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)架(jia)等(deng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)式，中(zhong)(zhong)、小(xiao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)立(li)式液壓(ya)(ya)(ya)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)機(ji)(ji)還有用(yong)(yong)(yong)C型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)架(jia)式的(de)(de)。C型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)架(jia)式液壓(ya)(ya)(ya)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)機(ji)(ji)三面敞(chang)開，操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)方(fang)(fang)便(bian)，但剛性(xing)差。沖壓(ya)(ya)(ya)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)焊(han)接框(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)架(jia)式液壓(ya)(ya)(ya)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)機(ji)(ji)剛性(xing)好(hao)，前(qian)后(hou)敞(chang)開，但左右(you)封閉。在上(shang)(shang)傳動(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)立(li)式四柱(zhu)自(zi)由鍛造液壓(ya)(ya)(ya)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)機(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong),油(you)缸(gang)(gang)固定在上(shang)(shang)梁(liang)中(zhong)(zhong),柱(zhu)塞(sai)與活動(dong)(dong)(dong)橫(heng)(heng)(heng)梁(liang)剛性(xing)連(lian)接，活動(dong)(dong)(dong)橫(heng)(heng)(heng)梁(liang)由立(li)柱(zhu)導向(xiang)，在工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)液的(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)強作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)下(xia)上(shang)(shang)下(xia)移動(dong)(dong)(dong)。橫(heng)(heng)(heng)梁(liang)上(shang)(shang)有可以前(qian)后(hou)移動(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)臺。在活動(dong)(dong)(dong)橫(heng)(heng)(heng)梁(liang)下(xia)和(he)(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)臺面上(shang)(shang)分別安(an)裝上(shang)(shang)砧和(he)(he)下(xia)砧。工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)力(li)由上(shang)(shang)、下(xia)橫(heng)(heng)(heng)梁(liang)和(he)(he)立(li)柱(zhu)組(zu)成(cheng)的(de)(de)框(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)架(jia)承(cheng)受。 采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)泵-蓄能器(qi)驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)大、中(zhong)(zhong)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)自(zi)由鍛水壓(ya)(ya)(ya)機(ji)(ji)常采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)三個工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)缸(gang)(gang)，以得到三級工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)力(li)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)缸(gang)(gang)外還設有向(xiang)上(shang)(shang)施加(jia)力(li)的(de)(de)平衡缸(gang)(gang)和(he)(he)回程缸(gang)(gang)。